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Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Controlled Cortical Impact Model for Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: August 5, 2014
Traumatic Brain Injury and Psychiatric Co-Morbidity in the United States
Michael G Vaughn1, Christopher P Salas-Wright2, Rachel John2
1School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Tegeler Hall, 3550 Lindell Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63103, USA. mvaughn9@slu.edu.
Abstract:
The objective of the present study was to provide a nationally representative psychiatric epidemiologic investigation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its co-morbid conditions. Data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III) collected between 2012 and 2013 was used. Results indicated that TBI was significantly associated with any lifetime mental health (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.65-3.70), substance use disorder (AOR = 1.57-1.01-2.42), and violent (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.03-2.65) and nonviolent (AOR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.25-2.70) criminal behaviors. In our study, TBI was highly comorbid with psychiatric disorders and especially antisocial behaviors, both violent and non-violent.
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