Electrochemical Determination of Adrenaline Using MXene/Graphite Composite Paste Electrodes

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Adrenaline detection is crucial for diagnosing various medical conditions.
• Developing sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors is an ongoing challenge.
• MXene materials offer unique electrochemical properties for sensor applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To fabricate and characterize a MXene/graphite composite paste electrode (MXene/GCPE) for adrenaline detection.
• To evaluate the electrochemical performance and sensitivity of the MXene/GCPE.
• To assess the electrode's capability for simultaneous analysis of neurotransmitters and its application in real samples.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of MXene/graphite composite paste electrode.
• Electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry and amperometry.
• Performance evaluation in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4).
• Testing for simultaneous detection of adrenaline, ascorbic acid, and serotonin.
• Analysis of adrenaline in pharmaceutical samples.

Main Results:

• The MXene/GCPE demonstrated significantly higher catalytic activity compared to bare graphite paste electrodes.
• The electrochemical detection of adrenaline showed two linear ranges with a low detection limit of 9.5 nM.
• The electrode successfully separated overlapped cyclic voltammetric peaks for simultaneous analysis of adrenaline, ascorbic acid, and serotonin.
• High recovery rates (99.2-100.8%) were achieved for adrenaline detection in pharmaceutical samples.

Conclusions:

• The developed MXene/GCPE is a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for adrenaline.
• The electrode's ability to perform simultaneous analysis of complex mixtures is advantageous.
• The MXene/GCPE shows great potential for practical applications in pharmaceutical analysis and biomedical monitoring.