Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.5K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.5K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

130.7K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
130.7K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.1K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.2K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.2K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.0K
Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

87.2K
An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
87.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Cardanol-Bonded Mixed Chitin Esters for Biobased Thermoplastic Materials.

Biomacromolecules·2026
Same author

Construction and Advanced Utilization of Self-Assembled and Scale-Down Chitin Nanofibers for Polymer Composite Design.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Utilization of All-Chitin Composite Films for High-Density Three-Dimensional Cell Cultivation.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Hydrophobization of Chitin Nanofibers by Grafting of Partially 2-Deoxygenated Amyloses Through Enzymatic Approach.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Cancer cell adhesion property on all-chitin composite films with reduced crystallinity.

Carbohydrate research·2025
Same author

Fabrication of self-reinforced chitin composites by double crystalline blend approach.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
06:25

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Published on: April 26, 2016

15.9K

Dissolution, derivatization, and functionalization of chitin in ionic liquid.

Jun-Ichi Kadokawa1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology, and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, 1-21-40 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|November 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquids dissolve chitin, enabling its use in ion gels and functional materials. This review covers chitin dissolution, derivatization, and applications using ionic liquids like AMIMBr.

Keywords:
AcylationGraft polymerizationIon gel

More Related Videos

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
10:42

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 10, 2016

18.9K
Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
07:14

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 23, 2018

9.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
06:25

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Published on: April 26, 2016

15.9K
Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids
10:42

Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with Low-cost Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 10, 2016

18.9K
Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
07:14

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 23, 2018

9.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Chitin, a biopolymer, exhibits poor solubility and processability, limiting its utilization.
  • Ionic liquids offer a promising medium for overcoming chitin's processing challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review research on using ionic liquids for chitin dissolution, derivatization, and functionalization.
  • To highlight the potential of ionic liquids in unlocking chitin's value as a biomass resource.

Main Methods:

  • Dissolution of chitin in specific ionic liquids, such as 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (AMIMBr).
  • Fabrication of chitin-based ion gels and films.
  • Chemical modification of chitin, including acetylation and synthesis of macroinitiators.
  • Application of chitin derivatives in areas like electric double layer capacitors and polymer grafting.

Main Results:

  • Ionic liquids, like AMIMBr, can dissolve chitin up to 4.8 wt%, forming ion gels at higher concentrations.
  • Cellulose/chitin binary ion gels were successfully prepared and regenerated into films for capacitor electrolytes.
  • Chitin acetates with high substitution degrees and various chitin acylates were synthesized.
  • A chitin macroinitiator was synthesized and used for grafting polystyrene via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP).

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquids are effective media for processing and functionalizing chitin.
  • This approach enhances chitin's solubility and processability, opening new avenues for its application in advanced materials.
  • The reviewed methods demonstrate the versatility of ionic liquids in transforming chitin into valuable products.