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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...
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In everyday conversation, accelerating means speeding up. Acceleration is a vector in the same direction as the change in velocity, Δv, therefore the greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Since velocity is a vector, it can change in magnitude, direction, or both. Thus acceleration is a change in speed or direction, or both. For example, if a runner traveling at 10 km/h due east slows to a stop, reverses direction, and continues their run at 10 km/h...
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Aedes aegypti vector competence studies: A review.

Jayme A Souza-Neto1, Jeffrey R Powell2, Mariangela Bonizzoni3

  • 1São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, Multiuser Central Laboratory, Botucatu, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biotechnology, Botucatu, Brazil.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
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Aedes aegypti mosquitoes transmit major viruses like dengue and Zika. Mosquito susceptibility varies by virus strain, origin, and even gut microbes, impacting disease transmission. Standardized research is crucial for reliable results.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Entomology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are primary vectors for significant human pathogens, including dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses.
  • Numerous studies have investigated mosquito competence in transmitting these arboviruses, influenced by mosquito population genetics and virus strain diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize existing literature on Aedes aegypti's competence in transmitting major arboviruses.
  • To explore the impact of mosquito microbiota and virus characteristics on transmission dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Aedes aegypti's susceptibility to arboviruses.
  • Analysis of factors influencing virus infection and transmission rates, including virus dose, mosquito origin, and co-infections.

Main Results:

  • No Aedes aegypti population is completely refractory to all tested viruses; Zika, dengue, and chikungunya show high susceptibility, unlike yellow fever virus.
  • Virus dose, mosquito population origin (e.g., Brazilian populations and DENV-2), and virus lineage (e.g., ZIKV) significantly affect infection rates.
  • Mosquito microbiota and insect-specific viruses (ISVs) can modulate susceptibility to arboviral infections through direct or indirect mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Aedes aegypti's susceptibility to arboviruses is complex and influenced by multiple factors, including virus dose, mosquito genetics, and the mosquito's microbiome.
  • Standardized methodologies are essential for achieving comparable and reproducible results in arbovirus transmission studies.
  • Understanding these factors is critical for predicting and controlling arbovirus outbreaks transmitted by Aedes aegypti.