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Third Window Lesions.

Mai-Lan Ho1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Neuroimaging Clinics of North America
|November 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Third window abnormalities are inner ear defects causing vestibular and auditory symptoms. High-resolution CT scans are crucial for diagnosing these bony defects and guiding management.

Keywords:
Labyrinthine fistulaSemicircular canalThird windowTullioVestibular aqueduct

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Radiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Third window abnormalities involve bony defects in the inner ear.
  • These defects create abnormal communication pathways between the inner ear, middle ear, and cranial cavity.
  • They manifest with characteristic vestibular (vertigo, nystagmus) and auditory (pseudo-conductive hearing loss) symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental mechanisms of third window abnormalities.
  • To describe the characteristic imaging findings on high-resolution temporal bone computed tomography (CT).
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis of third window pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of fundamental mechanisms of third window abnormalities.
  • Description of imaging findings from high-resolution temporal bone CT.
  • Discussion of differential diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Third window abnormalities present with specific vestibular and auditory symptoms.
  • High-resolution temporal bone CT is the primary imaging modality for diagnosis.
  • Characteristic imaging findings aid in identifying and differentiating these abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms and imaging findings of third window abnormalities is critical.
  • High-resolution temporal bone CT is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians and radiologists.