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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
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The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
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Specific and Accurate Detection of the Citrus Greening Pathogen Candidatus liberibacter spp. Using Conventional PCR on Citrus Leaf Tissue Samples
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Citrus peels prevent cancer.

Ajikumaran Nair S1, Rajani Kurup Sr1, Akhila S Nair1

  • 1Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695 562 Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology
|November 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Citrus peels, particularly from C. reticulata, demonstrate significant anticancer properties. Extracts and essential oils effectively induce apoptosis and protect against cancer in vivo, suggesting potential as natural food additives.

Keywords:
AnticancerBioactivesCitrus peelDLA cell lineIn vitro assaysIn vivo model

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Citrus peels are a major industrial byproduct, often underutilized.
  • Current uses include animal feed, ethanol production, and extraction of compounds like d-limonene.
  • Significant quantities of citrus peels are discarded by the food and beverage industries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anticancer potential of peels from various Citrus species (Citrus medica, C. sinensis, C. maxima, C. limon, C. reticulata).
  • To evaluate these potentials using in vitro assays and in vivo cancer models.
  • To explore the biological activities of underutilized citrus waste.

Main Methods:

  • Chemical profiling of citrus peel extracts and essential oils using GC-FID, GC-MS, and HPTLC-densitometry.
  • In vitro anticancer activity assessment via MTT assay, morphological studies, halo assay, and flow cytometry.
  • In vivo efficacy evaluation using cancer models in mice.

Main Results:

  • Citrus reticulata peels exhibited significant anticancer activity against the DLA cell line.
  • C. reticulata peel extract induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in DLA cells.
  • In vivo studies showed C. reticulata peel extract provided 50% protection against DLA in mice without toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Citrus peels possess valuable bioactive compounds with anticancer properties.
  • These findings support the use of citrus peels as cancer-preventive food additives.
  • Citrus waste can be repurposed as a source of natural anticancer agents.