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Updated: Feb 2, 2026
06:59
Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents
Published on: August 14, 2018
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Managing the open calcaneal fracture: A systematic review
Kimberley E Spierings1, Minoesch Min1, Lynn E Nooijen1
1Trauma unit, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Summary
Open calcaneal fractures, often from high-energy trauma, have high complication rates. This review suggests a treatment algorithm for these severe injuries, emphasizing the need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Trauma Management
Background:
- Open calcaneal fractures are rare, high-energy trauma injuries.
- These fractures present unique management challenges due to high complication rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a literature overview on managing open calcaneal fractures.
- To develop a standardized treatment algorithm for open calcaneal fractures.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (1998-2017).
- Included studies had ≥10 patients, excluded combat injuries and reviews.
- Analyzed 18 articles covering 616 open calcaneal fractures in 598 patients.
Main Results:
- Most injuries were Gustilo grade III and Sanders type III.
- Definitive surgery (ORIF via ELA) occurred at a mean of 9.8 days.
- Complication rate was 21% with a mean AOFAS score of 73.7.
Conclusions:
- Complication rates in open calcaneal fractures correlate with wound severity.
- A treatment algorithm is proposed, but further research is needed.
- Prospective multicenter databases are recommended for evidence-based protocols.
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