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Birth trauma and brain damage.

R T Geirsson

    Bailliere'S Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    |March 1, 1988
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Birth trauma is a rare cause of perinatal death and brain damage, potentially impacting 1-2 per 1000 deliveries. Careful management in high-risk pregnancies is crucial to minimize adverse outcomes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Neurology

    Background:

    • Birth trauma is an infrequent but significant cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity.
    • Distinguishing birth trauma from other perinatal insults like asphyxia or prematurity is challenging.
    • Perinatal trauma is implicated in a small percentage of cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation cases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the incidence and impact of birth trauma.
    • To identify risk factors associated with birth trauma.
    • To emphasize the importance of diagnosis and prevention.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review on birth trauma and its sequelae.
    • Analysis of risk factors in pregnancies associated with birth trauma.

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  • Discussion of clinical implications for diagnosis and management.

    • Main Results:

    • Birth trauma occurs in approximately 1 in 1000-2000 births.
    • Trauma may contribute to 1-2 per 1000 cases of cerebral palsy and severe mental retardation.
    • Vaginal breech delivery is associated with increased risk of minimal brain damage syndromes potentially due to trauma.

    Conclusions:

    • High-risk pregnancies (e.g., large for gestational age, intrauterine growth retardation, preterm, breech, multiple gestation) require vigilant monitoring for birth trauma.
    • Prompt diagnosis and preventive measures are essential.
    • Competent obstetric management is critical to minimize the risk of brain damage from birth trauma.