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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Using Chicken Embryo as a Powerful Tool in Assessment of Developmental Cardiotoxicities
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CO2 concentration affects in vitro pig embryo developmental capacity.

L Zhang1, Z Lin1, Y Bi1

  • 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding, Hubei Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hubei Academy of AgroSciences,Wuhan 430064 China.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|November 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is crucial for pig embryo development. A 5% CO2 concentration in vitro significantly enhanced cleavage rates for parthenogenetic, in vitro fertilization (IVF), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) embryos.

Keywords:
CO2developmental capacityin vitropig embryos

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • In vitro embryo culture requires precise environmental control, with gas atmosphere being a critical factor.
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration influences embryo development, but optimal levels for porcine embryos are not fully established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying CO2 concentrations on the pre-implantation developmental capacity of pig embryos produced through parthenogenesis, IVF, and ICSI.

Main Methods:

  • Porcine embryos from parthenogenesis, IVF, and ICSI were cultured in vitro under four different CO2 concentrations (3%, 5%, 10%, 15%).
  • Cleavage rates and blastocyst development on day 7 were assessed to evaluate developmental capacity.

Main Results:

  • The highest cleavage rates for all embryo types were observed at CO2 concentrations below 5%.
  • No significant difference in oocyte cleavage rate was found between 3% and 5% CO2 for ICSI embryos.
  • Blastocyst output significantly decreased, reaching 0% at 15% CO2 for all embryo types.

Conclusions:

  • CO2 concentration is a key factor influencing pig embryo development in vitro.
  • A 5% CO2 concentration appears optimal for maximizing cleavage and blastocyst formation in porcine embryos.
  • Both excessively high and low CO2 levels negatively impact embryo developmental potential.