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Fibroblast activation protein in liver fibrosis

Angelina J Lay1, Hui Emma Zhang1, Geoffrey William McCaughan1

  • 1Centenary Institute, Locked Bag No.6, Newtown, NSW, Australia.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)
|November 24, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is elevated in diseases like liver fibrosis, acting as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Its unique enzyme activity is key to its role in tissue repair and disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is an enzyme in the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) family.
  • FAP exhibits unique dipeptidyl peptidase and endopeptidase activities, cleaving specific peptide bonds.
  • While FAP expression is low in healthy tissues, it is significantly upregulated in pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on FAP.
  • To highlight FAP's diagnostic and pathological significance.
  • To focus on FAP's role in liver fibrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of FAP's biological roles.
  • Analysis of FAP expression patterns in disease.
  • Examination of FAP's enzymatic properties.

Main Results:

  • FAP is involved in various biological processes, particularly tissue remodelling and repair.
  • Elevated FAP levels are observed in pathological conditions, including liver fibrosis.
  • FAP's differential expression suggests its utility as a disease biomarker.

Conclusions:

  • FAP is a promising therapeutic target for drug intervention.
  • FAP's role in liver fibrosis warrants further investigation.
  • The unique enzymatic properties of FAP contribute to its pathological significance.

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