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Large scale DNA identification: The ICMP experience.

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  • 1International Commission on Missing Persons, Koninginnegracht 12a, The Hague, Netherlands.

Forensic Science International. Genetics
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) uses DNA technology and databases to identify tens of thousands of missing persons, aiding justice and family reunification. Their methods include autosomal STR testing and advanced kinship analysis for mass disaster victim identification.

Keywords:
DNA testing boneHuman identificationKinship matchingMassively parallel sequencingMissing personsWar crimes

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • International Law

Background:

  • The International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) addresses the global issue of missing persons through a treaty-based mandate.
  • Initial efforts focused on identifying approximately 40,000 individuals missing from the 1990s conflicts in the Western Balkans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the ICMP's technical contributions over 17 years in DNA testing, database matching, and capacity building.
  • To highlight the development of DNA-led identification strategies for missing persons.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput autosomal STR testing of skeletal remains from mass graves.
  • Establishment of a regional DNA profile database for family members of the missing.
  • Utilizing the Identification Data Management System (iDMS) for pairwise and pedigree kinship searching.

Main Results:

  • Developed a DNA-led approach for large-scale identification of missing persons.
  • Created a database of over 100,000 family reference DNA profiles.
  • Provided DNA matches for 6,887 of the approximately 8,000 missing from the 1995 Srebrenica event.
  • Delivered over 20,000 family DNA match reports.

Conclusions:

  • The ICMP's technical expertise in DNA analysis and database management is crucial for identifying missing persons.
  • The organization plays a significant role in assisting justice through evidence and expert testimony.
  • Ongoing development includes massively parallel sequencing (MPS) strategies for missing persons applications.