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    This study introduces a waveguide Young interferometer for simultaneously measuring the complex refractive index of liquid samples. The device can also distinguish particle sizes using integrated nano-filters, enabling optical characterization of turbid media.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Biomedical Sensing

    Background:

    • Characterizing complex turbid media requires precise measurement of optical properties.
    • Existing methods for refractive index determination can be limited in simultaneous measurement of real and imaginary parts.
    • Particle size influences optical properties, necessitating methods for size-dependent analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a waveguide Young interferometer for simultaneous detection of the complex refractive index (real and imaginary parts) of liquid samples.
    • To integrate nano-filters for size-exclusion filtering and particle size discrimination.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's capability in optical characterization of complex turbid media.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a waveguide Young interferometer to detect phase shifts (refraction) and signal attenuation (absorption).
    • Fabricating nano-filters on a sensing waveguide for size-exclusion filtering.
    • Employing fluorescent excitation experiments to confirm particle size distinction.

    Main Results:

    • Simultaneous measurement of the real (refraction) and imaginary (absorption) parts of the refractive index.
    • Demonstrated capability to distinguish particles in the 100 nm to 500 nm size range.
    • Successful size-exclusion filtering of species using integrated nano-filters.

    Conclusions:

    • The waveguide interferometer provides a novel method for comprehensive optical characterization of liquid samples.
    • The integrated nano-filters enhance the sensor's ability to analyze complex media by size.
    • This technology holds potential for broad applications in analyzing turbid media and micro/nanoparticles.