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Virtual cavity in distributed Bragg reflectors.

V A Shchukin, N N Ledentsov, V P Kalosha

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    Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) support TM-polarized surface electromagnetic waves. Coupling these with a resonant cavity enables novel semiconductor lasers with improved wavelength stability and near-field light outcoupling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Semiconductor Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are crucial optical components.
    • Surface electromagnetic waves in DBRs offer unique light-matter interaction possibilities.
    • Controlling light emission in semiconductor devices is essential for advanced applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically and experimentally investigate surface electromagnetic waves in DBRs.
    • To explore the development of novel semiconductor devices utilizing these waves.
    • To enhance wavelength stability in laser diodes via coupled cavity structures.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical modeling of surface electromagnetic waves in DBRs.
    • Experimental fabrication of a GaAlAs-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL).
    • Electroluminescence (EL) studies under high current densities to observe optical modes.

    Main Results:

    • DBRs support TM-polarized surface waves with evanescent and oscillatory decay.
    • A coupled cavity-DBR mode (Mode C) was observed, exhibiting specific thermal shift and TM polarization.
    • Three distinct optical modes (A, B, C) were identified in the fabricated VCSEL, with different emission characteristics.

    Conclusions:

    • DBR surface waves enable new types of semiconductor lasers and optical amplifiers.
    • Coupling DBR modes with resonant cavities improves wavelength stability.
    • The observed Mode C confirms the theoretical predictions of coupled cavity and near-field DBR surface modes.