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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Wavefront Sensing
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Wavefront phase gradient sensing is crucial for optical system characterization.
    • Existing methods like quadriwave interferometry face challenges in demodulating horizontal and vertical gradients.
    • Extended range sensing requires robust and cost-effective solutions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel, single-shot, low-cost, multidirectional lateral shear interferometer.
    • To enable extended range wave front phase gradient sensing.
    • To analyze the accessibility and demodulation of directional phase derivatives.

    Main Methods:

    • Exploitation of Fresnel diffraction from a binary amplitude checker grating.
    • Analysis of five lowest diffraction orders to encode phase information.
    • Theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations of fringe pattern processing and phase demodulation.

    Main Results:

    • The interferometer successfully encodes four directional partial derivatives of the wavefront.
    • Diagonal derivative information is readily accessible, especially for larger shear amounts.
    • Horizontal and vertical gradient maps exhibit significant amplitude modulation, complicating demodulation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed interferometer offers a low-cost approach for wavefront phase gradient sensing.
    • The method is effective for diagonal derivatives but requires further development for horizontal/vertical components.
    • Findings are consistent with limitations observed in other interferometric techniques.