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Related Concept Videos

Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

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It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Dense Connective Tissue01:13

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Dense connective tissue contains more collagen fibers than loose connective tissue. As a consequence, it displays greater resistance to stretching. There are two major categories of dense connective tissue— regular and irregular.
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Line Loss01:10

Line Loss

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The different configurations of source-load connections include wye (star) and delta connections. The relationship between line and phase voltages and currents varies depending on the configuration. When the source is supplying power, it is transmitted through the wires to the load, and during this transmission, some power is absorbed by the wires, leading to line loss.
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Reducing Line Loss01:18

Reducing Line Loss

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In a three-phase circuit, line loss is an indicator of energy dissipated as heat due to the resistance of transmission lines. To address this, incorporating transformers into the system—a step-up transformer at the source and a step-down transformer at the load—is a strategic solution. Two three-phase transformers are introduced to improve this.
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Energy Losses in Transformers01:21

Energy Losses in Transformers

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In an ideal transformer, it is assumed that there are no energy losses, and, hence, all the power at the primary winding is transferred to the secondary winding. However, in reality,  the transformers always have some energy losses, and, hence, the output power obtained at the secondary winding is less than the input power at the primary winding due to energy losses.
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Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
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Loss-tolerant quantum dense metrology with SU(1,1) interferometer.

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    Quantum entanglement and a novel SU(1,) interferometer enable joint measurements of non-commuting observables, surpassing Heisenberg uncertainty limits. This quantum measurement technique improves signal-to-noise ratio by 20% for enhanced precision.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum mechanics
    • Quantum optics
    • Quantum information science

    Background:

    • Heisenberg uncertainty relation limits simultaneous measurement of non-commuting observables.
    • Quantum entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations offer potential for enhanced measurement precision.
    • Existing methods face limitations in simultaneously measuring multiple non-commuting observables.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To implement a scheme for jointly measuring information in multiple non-commuting observables.
    • To demonstrate a signal-to-noise ratio improvement beyond the classical limit.
    • To explore the application of quantum entanglement in overcoming Heisenberg's limitations.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a newly developed SU(1,) interferometer.
    • Implementing a scheme for joint quantum measurements.
    • Leveraging quantum entanglement for enhanced precision.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a signal-to-noise ratio improvement of approximately 20% over the classical limit.
    • Successfully performed simultaneous joint measurements on multiple non-commuting observables.
    • Demonstrated precision exceeding the standard quantum limit for all measured quantities.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed scheme effectively overcomes Heisenberg uncertainty limitations for joint measurements.
    • Quantum entanglement provides a powerful tool for enhancing measurement precision in quantum systems.
    • The method is generalizable for measuring arbitrary numbers of non-commuting observables.