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    Area of Science:

    • Atomic physics
    • Magnetometry
    • Sensor technology

    Background:

    • Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) offer high sensitivity for magnetic field measurements.
    • Free-induction-decay (FID) configuration in OPMs enables dynamic signal tracking.
    • Operation in high static fields presents challenges for OPM performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate an OPM in FID mode capable of tracking oscillating magnetic signals.
    • To investigate the frequency response and sensitivity of the OPM.
    • To analyze the impact of operational parameters and limitations on signal reconstruction.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) in a free-induction-decay (FID) configuration.
    • Employed miniaturized vapor cell technology for sensor development.
    • Investigated the sensor's response to oscillating magnetic fields up to 50 μT static field.
    • Analyzed signal averaging and spectral residuals for sensitivity measurements.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully tracked low-frequency oscillating magnetic signals with excellent waveform reconstruction.
    • Achieved a sensitivity of 3.9 pT/√Hz for a 100 pT oscillation using signal averaging.
    • Demonstrated frequency response bandwidths exceeding the Nyquist limit.
    • Identified limitations related to high amplitude/frequency fields, including FM and aliasing artefacts.

    Conclusions:

    • The FID-configured OPM is effective for tracking weak, oscillating magnetic fields in challenging environments.
    • Miniaturized vapor cell technology enhances the sensor's frequency response.
    • Understanding technical limitations is crucial for accurate signal reproduction in dynamic magnetic fields.