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Systematic Sampling Method01:17

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
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A reference frame accelerating or decelerating relative to an inertial frame is a non-inertial frame. To help understand this, consider what taking off in an airplane, turning a corner in a car, riding a merry-go-round, and the circular motion of a tropical cyclone all have in common. All these systems are accelerating, decelerating, or rotating relative to the Earth; hence, they all are non-inertial frames. All these systems exhibit inertial forces, which merely seem to arise from motion,...
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The systematic case-referent method.

Lamiae Grimaldi-Bensouda1, Lucien Abenhaim2

  • 1Service de pharmacologie - UF de pharmaco-épidémiologie, hôpital Raymond-Poincaré, groupe hospitalier Paris, Île-de-France Ouest, AP-HP, UFR des sciences de la santé Simone-Veil, université Versailles Saint-Quentin, 2, avenue de la Source-de-la-Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France.

Therapie
|November 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary

The systematic case-referent method efficiently collects incident cases and controls for pharmacoepidemiologic research. This design enables precise diagnosis and comprehensive data on treatments and risk factors.

Keywords:
Case-controlEpidemiologic designPharmacoepidemiologySelection of controlsSystematic case-referent

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacoepidemiology
  • Clinical Research Methodology

Background:

  • The systematic case-referent method is a specialized design for pharmacoepidemiologic studies.
  • It involves independent collection of incident cases and a general reference pool for control selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the systematic case-referent method for pharmacoepidemiologic research.
  • To highlight its utility in studying various disorders and drug effects.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic collection of incident cases and a reference pool of controls.
  • Independent data gathering using objective sources (e.g., claims data, medical records) and patient interviews.
  • Documentation of treatments, adherence, exposure time windows, and risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Achieves high specificity in diagnosis and clinical variable documentation.
  • Successfully applied to diverse conditions including myocardial infarction, stroke, lupus, and various cancers.
  • Facilitates analysis of drug risks and preventive actions (e.g., NSAIDs, statins, vaccines).

Conclusions:

  • The systematic case-referent method is a robust and versatile design for pharmacoepidemiologic research.
  • It allows for hypothesis-free investigation with detailed data on exposures and outcomes.