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Language in 2-year-old children born preterm and term: a cohort study
Katherine Sanchez1,2,3, Alicia J Spittle1,4,5, Jeanie Ly Cheong1,5,6
1Victorian Infant Brain Study, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Children born very preterm show language delays at age two, particularly in social communication and symbolic skills. Predictors like male sex, hearing loss, and multilingualism are key factors for poorer language outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Neonatology
- Speech and Language Pathology
Background:
- Language development is crucial for child development.
- Children born very preterm are at increased risk for language difficulties.
- Identifying specific predictors is essential for early intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- Compare language outcomes in very preterm (<30 weeks) and term-born children at 2 years.
- Investigate risk factors for language difficulties in very preterm infants.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-3) and CSBS:DP for language assessment at 2 years.
- Included 134 very preterm and 133 term-born children.
- Examined predictors: gestational age, sex, hearing loss, multilingualism, and others.
Main Results:
- Very preterm children scored lower on CSBS:DP and Bayley-3 language scales.
- Lower gestational age, male sex, hearing loss, and multilingualism predicted poorer language scores.
Conclusions:
- Very preterm infants exhibit language delays at 2 years, with deficits in social communication and symbolic skills.
- Identified predictors are similar to the general population, necessitating further research into preterm-specific risks.
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