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Adult-onset hypothyroidism increases ethanol consumption.

V Echeverry-Alzate1, K M Bühler1, J Calleja-Conde1

  • 1Department of Psychobiology & Behavioral Sciences Methods, School of Psychology, Campus de Somosaguas, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.

Psychopharmacology
|November 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypothyroidism increases alcohol consumption, especially when combined with thyroid hormone therapy. This study highlights the complex interplay between thyroid function, alcohol, and behavior, suggesting personalized approaches for hypothyroid patients who consume alcohol.

Keywords:
AlcoholHypothyroidismT4/T3 hormones

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hypothyroidism affects millions in Europe, and its interaction with frequent ethanol consumption is poorly understood.
  • Understanding this interaction is crucial given the high prevalence of both conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of hypothyroidism and thyroid hormone supplementation on ethanol consumption in a rat model.
  • To assess the impact of ethanol on motor activity, anxiety, and memory in hypothyroid rats.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a rat model of induced adult-onset hypothyroidism.
  • Administered methyl-mercaptoimidazole to induce hypothyroidism and supplemented with thyroid hormones (T4/T3).
  • Evaluated voluntary ethanol consumption, motor activity, anxiety-like behaviors, and memory.

Main Results:

  • Hypothyroidism elevated voluntary ethanol intake, an effect amplified by T4/T3 supplementation.
  • Hypothyroidism-induced motor hyperactivity was mitigated by T4/T3 or ethanol.
  • Complex effects on anxiety-related behaviors were observed, with increased immobility in anxiogenic contexts and decreased rearing in less anxiogenic contexts.
  • Ethanol did not impair episodic-like memory in hypothyroid rats.
  • Gene expression of ethanol-metabolizing enzymes (Adh1, Aldh2) was altered by hypothyroidism and T4/T3.

Conclusions:

  • Hypothyroid patients require individualized guidance regarding alcohol consumption.
  • The thyroid axis warrants inclusion in studies of alcohol addiction, potentially offering therapeutic targets for alcoholism.