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Perspectives on Neuroscience
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An introduction to psychedelic neuroscience.

Tanya Calvey1, Fleur M Howells2

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Medical School, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Progress in Brain Research
|November 26, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychedelic neuroscience explores how psychedelic drugs alter brain activity and neurobiology. Research highlights their potential for profound experiences, long-lasting changes, and healing ancestral trauma via epigenetic mechanisms.

Keywords:
Combination psychedelic therapyConsciousnessEpigeneticsMEGMicrodosingNeurobiologyNeuromodulatorsPsychedelic medicinePsychosisfMRIqEEG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • The field of psychedelic neuroscience is emerging, with ongoing research into the neurobiological mechanisms of psychedelic drugs.
  • Current literature shows discrepancies in classifying psychedelics, their composition, and effects, necessitating further clarification.
  • Psychedelics are broadly categorized into classic and atypical, based on neuro-receptor affinities, each possessing unique therapeutic potentials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the neurobiological mechanisms of psychedelic drugs and their impact on brain activity.
  • To integrate traditional viewpoints with modern neurobiological findings on psychedelics.
  • To address discrepancies in the literature regarding psychedelic classification, effects, and brain imaging studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of neurobiological mechanisms and neuro-receptor affinities of classic and atypical psychedelics.
  • Analysis of psychedelic brain imaging studies to understand changes in brain activity and states.
  • Comparison of psychedelic-induced brain states with acute psychosis using animal models and human imaging data.

Main Results:

  • Psychedelics induce profound acute experiences and long-lasting neurobiological changes by activating multiple neuromodulatory systems.
  • Disparities exist in brain imaging studies, requiring further investigation to fully understand psychedelic-induced brain state alterations.
  • Psychedelic use is linked to anti-amnesic effects and the potential to access unconscious material, supported by emerging evidence of epigenetic mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Psychedelic neuroscience offers insights into mind-revealing effects, potential therapeutic applications for ancestral trauma, and the role of epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed to reconcile brain imaging data and fully elucidate the neurobiological underpinnings of psychedelic experiences.
  • Understanding psychedelic mechanisms supports their traditional therapeutic use and opens avenues for novel treatments.