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Related Experiment Videos

Evolutionary origin of cardiac malformations.

H B Taussig1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,Baltimore, Maryland.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|October 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Evolutionary origins of congenital heart defects are supported by similar malformations across mammals and birds. This suggests a shared genetic basis or external factor influencing heart development in diverse species.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Comparative anatomy

Background:

  • Isolated cardiac malformations in humans share similarities with defects found in other placental mammals and birds.
  • Previous research suggests an evolutionary basis for congenital heart defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary origins of isolated cardiac malformations.
  • To explore the commonalities in heart defects across different species.

Main Methods:

  • External gross examination of over 5,000 bird hearts over three years.
  • Review of published reports on ectopic hearts in birds, cattle, and humans.

Main Results:

  • Observed anomalies included duplicate hearts, absence of hearts, and an ectopic heart in a yellow-rumped warbler.

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  • Similarities in heritable heart defects across non-interbreeding species (mammals and birds) suggest a common origin or external factor.
  • Evolutionary malformations are organ-specific anomalies, distinct from widespread injury caused by teratogens.

    • Conclusions:

    • The presence of similar cardiac malformations in diverse species points to a common evolutionary origin or shared causative agent.
    • Understanding this evolutionary perspective is crucial for counseling parents of children with congenital heart defects.