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Elevated carbon dioxide plus chronic warming causes dramatic increases in leaf angle in tomato, which correlates with
Dileepa Madushanka Jayawardena1, Scott Alan Heckathorn1, Deepesh Raj Bista1
1Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
Plant, Cell & Environment
|November 26, 2018
Summary
Combined warming and elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) cause severe leaf hyponasty in tomato plants. This phenomenon, which reduces leaf area and biomass, may threaten future food production.
Area of Science:
- Plant physiology
- Climate change biology
- Agricultural science
Background:
- Moderate leaf hyponasty is sometimes induced by high temperatures or elevated CO2.
- The combined effects of warming and elevated CO2 on leaf hyponasty are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of combined warming and elevated CO2 on leaf hyponasty in tomato.
- To characterize the phenomenon and its potential impact on plant growth and food production.
Main Methods:
- Tomato plants were grown under controlled conditions with varying CO2 levels (400 vs. 700 ppm) and temperatures (30 vs. 37°C).
- Leaf angle, leaf area, biomass, and photosynthetic parameters were measured.
- Observations were extended to other species like marigold, soybean, sunflower, and okra.
Main Results:
- Warming plus elevated CO2 dramatically increased leaf hyponasty in tomato.
- Individual factors (warming or elevated CO2) only slightly increased hyponasty.
- Steeper leaf angles correlated with reduced leaf area and biomass, likely due to decreased light interception.
- Hyponasty was observed in compound-leaved species (tomato, marigold, soybean) but not simple-leaved species (sunflower, okra).
Conclusions:
- The combination of warming and elevated CO2 induces severe leaf hyponasty in tomato.
- This response may negatively impact crop yields and food security in a changing climate.
- Leaf hyponasty's occurrence varies between plant species with different leaf structures.
Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicumclimate changeglobal warmingheat stresshyponastyleaf cuppingleaf shapepetiole angleMore Related Videos
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