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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Domains01:18

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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Phenylalanine intercalation parameters for liquid-disordered phase domains - a membrane model study.

Paulina Adamczewski1, Valeria Tsoukanova1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3 Canada.

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|November 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Phenylalanine (Phe) intercalation into membranes was studied using lipid monolayers. Phe showed two distinct intercalation areas, suggesting different modes of interaction with phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) and phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) membranes.

Keywords:
Amino acid/phospholipid interactionAmyloid fibrilsEpifluorescence microscopyLangmuir monolayerPhenylalanine

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Membrane Biophysics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Phenylalanine (Phe) intercalation into phospholipid membranes is linked to metabolic and neurological disorders.
  • Understanding Phe intercalation parameters is crucial for deciphering membrane processes and amyloid fibril formation.
  • Phe's propensity for nonpolar environments drives its membrane interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the specific area occupied by phenylalanine (Phe) during intercalation into lipid membranes.
  • To investigate the modes of Phe intercalation into different phospholipid environments.
  • To elucidate the initial events of Phe-membrane interactions relevant to disease.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized phosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE) and phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) monolayers to model the membrane outer leaflet.
  • Employed constant pressure insertion assays combined with epifluorescence microscopy to monitor Phe intercalation.
  • Modeled Phe interaction by injecting it into the aqueous phase beneath the lipid monolayer.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct Phe intercalation areas (A_Phe) were determined: 33 ± 2 Ų and 48 ± 3 Ų.
  • Phe exhibited discrimination between DPPE and DPPC packing, indicating varied intercalation behaviors.
  • The results suggest two distinct modes of Phe intercalation into the lipid bilayers.

Conclusions:

  • A Phe intercalation area of 33 ± 2 Ų corresponds to monomer insertion, primarily observed in DPPE membranes.
  • A larger intercalation area of 48 ± 3 Ų in DPPC membranes suggests Phe may intercalate as a complex, possibly with a sodium ion (Na+).
  • These findings provide insights into the initial molecular events of Phe-membrane interactions and their potential role in disease pathogenesis.