Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving

Hydraulic Jump: Problem Solving

To analyze a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel with a flow speed of 6 meters per second, follow these steps:Calculate Effective Upstream Velocity:When the downstream gate closes, a hydraulic jump forms, traveling upstream at 2 meters per second. This wave speed combines with the initial channel flow velocity, creating an effective upstream velocity.Identify Flow Velocities Before and After the Hydraulic Jump:Upstream of the hydraulic jump, the effective flow velocity includes both the...

Hydraulic Jump

Hydraulic Jump

A hydraulic jump is a sudden rise in fluid depth in open channels, occurring when high-velocity (supercritical) flow transitions to low-velocity (subcritical) flow. This phenomenon requires an upstream Froude number greater than 1, as flows with Fr1<1 remain subcritical, making a hydraulic jump impossible due to the need for negative head loss, which violates thermodynamic principles.The characteristics of a hydraulic jump depend on the upstream Froude number and are classified as...

Nuclear Stability

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...

RNA Stability

RNA Stability

Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...

Stability

Stability

The time response of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be divided into transient and steady-state responses. The transient response represents the system's initial reaction to a change in input and diminishes to zero over time. In contrast, the steady-state response is the behavior that persists after the transient effects have faded.
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...

Stability of structures

Stability of structures

In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Simulation of Flow Around a Finite Rectangular Prism: Influence of Mesh, Model, and Subgrid Length Scale.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Generating Recombinant Avian Herpesvirus Vectors with CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing

Generating Recombinant Avian Herpesvirus Vectors with CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing

Published on: January 7, 2019

A dynamics and stability framework for avian jumping take-off.

Ben Parslew¹, Girupakaran Sivalingam¹, William Crowther¹

¹School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.

Royal Society Open Science

|November 27, 2018

Summary

Birds maintain dynamic stability during explosive jumping take-offs by controlling body attitude and trajectory. This study reveals small stability margins and analyzes tipping instability in avian locomotion using theoretical models.

Keywords:

aerodynamics animal flight flight stability jumping jumping robots take-off

More Related Videos

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Generating Recombinant Avian Herpesvirus Vectors with CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing

Generating Recombinant Avian Herpesvirus Vectors with CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing

Published on: January 7, 2019

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Measurement of Dynamic Force Acted on Water Strider Leg Jumping Upward by the PVDF Film Sensor

Published on: August 3, 2018

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Animal Locomotion
Avian Dynamics

Background:

Jumping take-off is crucial for birds transitioning to flight.
Maintaining dynamic stability during this explosive behavior is essential for control.
Previous observations suggested stability was achieved with minimal effort.

Purpose of the Study:

To understand how birds maintain body attitude and trajectory control during jumping take-offs.
To analyze the role of stability margins in selecting jumping kinematics.
To investigate tipping instability in both ground and perch take-offs.

Main Methods:

Development of theoretical models for prehensile and non-prehensile take-off stability.
Analysis of tipping instability, defined as center of gravity rotation.
Creation of graphical tipping stability margins for center of gravity and acceleration angle.
Simulation of avian take-offs using experimental kinematic data.

Main Results:

Nose-up angular acceleration was found to extend stability bounds, aiding shallow take-offs.
Simulations of a guinea fowl showed initial stability but revealed a stuttering instability.
A diamond dove model confirmed active foot torque extends stable jump angles by approximately 45°.

Conclusions:

Stability considerations significantly influence avian jumping kinematics.
Theoretical models and simulations provide insights into avian take-off dynamics.
Active foot torque plays a key role in enhancing stability during bird take-offs.