Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.5K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.5K
Reasoning01:30

Reasoning

436
Reasoning is the action of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way. It is integral to problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking. Reasoning can be inductive or deductive. Reasoning involves transforming information into conclusions, which is essential for problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking.
Inductive reasoning involves deriving generalizations from specific observations. This type of reasoning helps form beliefs about the world. For example,...
436
Feedback Inhibition00:46

Feedback Inhibition

57.1K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.1K
Deductive Reasoning01:16

Deductive Reasoning

68.5K
Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reasoning, the pattern of thinking moves in the opposite direction as compared to inductive reasoning, which means that it uses a general principle or law to predict specific results. From those general principles, a scientist can deduce and predict the specific results that would be valid as long as the general principles are valid.
For example, a researcher can deduce specific predictions...
68.5K
False Memories01:18

False Memories

478
False memories represent a cognitive distortion in which individuals recall events that did not happen, or remember them in an altered form. This phenomenon highlights the brain's constructive nature in processing and recalling memories, emphasizing that memory is not a perfect representation of past events but rather a dynamic reconstruction influenced by various factors.
One primary source of false memories is misattribution, where individuals incorrectly associate external information...
478
Inductive Reasoning00:59

Inductive Reasoning

67.6K
Inductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It is uncertain and operates in degrees to which the conclusions are credible. As such, inductive arguments can be weak or strong, rather than valid or invalid, and conclusions can be used to formulate testable, falsifiable hypotheses.
Inductive reasoning is common in descriptive science. A life scientist makes observations and records them. This data can be qualitative or...
67.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gesture Use Across Different Concepts: Focusing on Cross-Linguistic Diversity.

Topics in cognitive science·2026
Same author

Distinct temporal dynamics of speech and gesture processing: Insights from event-related potentials across L1 and L2.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026
Same author

Simulating procedural discovery in early language acquisition: Domain-general cognition with contextual learning.

Journal of child language·2025
Same author

Benefits of pretesting prior to retrieval practice are limited, unless used for prior knowledge-based personalization.

Journal of experimental psychology. Applied·2025
Same author

Opportunities and challenges of using generative AI to personalize educational assessment.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2024
Same author

Does source reliability moderate the survival processing effect? The role of linguistic markers as reliability cues.

Memory & cognition·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training
09:13

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training

Published on: January 20, 2019

6.9K

Accelerating the Development of Second-Order False Belief Reasoning: A Training Study With Different Feedback

Burcu Arslan1, Rineke Verbrugge1, Niels Taatgen1

  • 1University of Groningen.

Child Development
|November 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Five-year-olds improved on second-order false belief tasks after training. This suggests that experience with these reasoning tasks, including explanations, helps children overcome challenges in understanding false beliefs.

More Related Videos

Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
04:48

Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System

Published on: May 8, 2018

11.6K
Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System
07:35

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Published on: December 29, 2023

2.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 2, 2026

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training
09:13

A Vibrotactile Feedback Device for Seated Balance Assessment and Training

Published on: January 20, 2019

6.9K
Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
04:48

Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System

Published on: May 8, 2018

11.6K
Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System
07:35

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Published on: December 29, 2023

2.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Theory of Mind

Background:

  • Second-order false belief tasks assess advanced reasoning abilities.
  • Children's performance on these tasks can be influenced by various factors, including experience and cognitive skills.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different training conditions on 5-year-olds' performance on second-order false belief tasks.
  • To determine if improvements in false belief understanding are sustained over time.

Main Methods:

  • 106 five-year-olds were assigned to feedback with explanation, feedback without explanation, no feedback, or active control groups.
  • Participants completed pretest, posttest, and a 4-month follow-up assessment.
  • Children's age, verbal abilities, and working memory were controlled for.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in the three experimental training conditions from pretest to posttest.
  • These improvements were maintained at the 4-month follow-up.
  • Training effects remained significant after controlling for age, verbal abilities, and working memory.

Conclusions:

  • Five-year-olds' difficulties with second-order false belief tasks may stem from a lack of experience.
  • Exposure to diverse stories, particularly those with "why" questions, can enhance children's ability to reason about false beliefs.