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Paediatric and adult bronchiectasis: Vaccination in prevention and management
Kerry-Ann F O'Grady1, Allan W Cripps2,3, Keith Grimwood2,3,4,5
1Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation @ Centre for Children's Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Insights
Preventing infections in bronchiectasis is key to slowing disease progression. Current vaccines show limited evidence for effectiveness in bronchiectasis patients, highlighting a need for more research.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Bronchiectasis is increasingly recognized, with a focus on preventing infective exacerbations that worsen lung function.
- Several pathogens are linked to bronchiectasis, but licensed vaccines are limited to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bordetella pertussis, and influenza virus.
- Existing research on vaccine efficacy in bronchiectasis is scarce, with most studies focusing on other chronic lung diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current evidence on the efficacy and effectiveness of available vaccines in preventing and managing bronchiectasis.
- To identify knowledge gaps in the use of vaccines for bronchiectasis in pediatric and adult populations.
- To emphasize the need for further research across the vaccine development pathway.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature on vaccine efficacy and effectiveness in bronchiectasis.
- Analysis of studies focusing on Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bordetella pertussis, and influenza virus vaccines.
- Identification of research gaps and limitations in current evidence.
Main Results:
- Limited evidence exists for the efficacy and effectiveness of currently licensed vaccines in preventing and managing bronchiectasis.
- Most research has concentrated on other chronic lung conditions like COPD, asthma, and cystic fibrosis, rather than bronchiectasis.
- Significant gaps in knowledge regarding vaccine utility in bronchiectasis patients have been identified.
Conclusions:
- There is a critical need for high-quality studies to evaluate vaccine effectiveness in bronchiectasis.
- Future research should employ advanced microbiological methods and standardized case definitions.
- Further investigation is required throughout the vaccine development pathway to address the needs of bronchiectasis patients.
Abstract:
Bronchiectasis has received increased attention recently, including an emphasis on preventing infective exacerbations that are associated with disease progression and lung function decline. While there are several bacteria and viruses associated with bronchiectasis, licensed vaccines are only currently available for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae protein D as a conjugate in a pneumococcal vaccine), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bordetella pertussis and influenza virus. The evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of these vaccines in both preventing and managing bronchiectasis in children and adults is limited with the focus of most research being on other chronic lung disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, asthma and cystic fibrosis. We review the existing evidence for these vaccines in bronchiectasis and highlight the existing gaps in knowledge. High-quality experimental and non-experimental studies using current state-of-the-art microbiological methods and validated, standardised case definitions are needed across the depth and breadth of the vaccine development pathway.
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