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Probiotics in Celiac Disease.

Fernanda Cristofori1, Flavia Indrio2, Vito Leonardo Miniello3

  • 1Paediatric Department, "SS Annunziata" Hospital, 74100 Taranto, Italy. fernandacristofori@gmail.com.

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|November 28, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The human gut microbiome influences celiac disease (CD) development and progression. Altered gut bacteria in CD patients suggest probiotics may offer therapeutic benefits for this autoimmune condition.

Keywords:
celiac diseasegluten free dietmicrobiotaprobiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The human microbiome plays a crucial role in host health, immunity, and metabolism.
  • Microbial imbalances can contribute to disease pathogenesis, including autoimmune conditions like celiac disease (CD).
  • CD is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, with the gut microbiota implicated in its development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current scientific evidence linking gut microbiota to celiac disease.
  • To explore the role of microbial imbalances in CD pathogenesis and clinical presentation.
  • To examine the potential therapeutic role of probiotics in managing CD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on gut microbiota and celiac disease.
  • Analysis of studies reporting microbial signatures in CD patients.
  • Evaluation of the impact of gluten-free diets and host genetics on gut microbial composition.
  • Exploration of preclinical (animal models) and clinical data on probiotic interventions for CD.

Main Results:

  • Celiac disease patients often exhibit gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by increased Bacteroides and decreased Bifidobacterium species.
  • These microbial alterations can persist despite a gluten-free diet and correlate with persistent gastrointestinal symptoms.
  • Evidence from animal models and early clinical studies supports the potential efficacy of specific probiotic strains in CD.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota is significantly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of celiac disease.
  • Defining a specific microbial signature for CD is an ongoing area of research.
  • Probiotics represent a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in celiac disease, warranting further clinical investigation.