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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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Long noncoding RNAs in autoimmune diseases.

Fei Xu1, Lei Jin2, Yueling Jin2

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|November 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators in human development and disease. This review explores lncRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for autoimmune diseases.

Keywords:
autoimmune diseaseslong noncoding RNAsmultiple sclerosispsoriasisrheumatoid arthritissystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • High-throughput genomic technologies have increased interest in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
  • lncRNAs play crucial roles in immune cell differentiation and activation.
  • The involvement of lncRNAs in human autoimmune diseases is gaining attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of various lncRNAs in human autoimmune diseases.
  • To discuss the clinical applications of lncRNAs as biomarkers.
  • To explore lncRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in autoimmune pathologies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNAs and autoimmune diseases.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which lncRNAs influence disease pathogenesis.
  • Evaluation of current and potential clinical applications of lncRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Numerous lncRNAs have been implicated in various human autoimmune diseases.
  • lncRNAs exhibit diverse mechanisms of action in disease development.
  • lncRNAs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs represent a significant area of research in autoimmune diseases.
  • Further investigation into lncRNA functions can lead to novel clinical strategies.
  • lncRNAs hold potential for personalized medicine approaches in autoimmune disorders.