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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Plague01:24

Plague

Plague is a highly virulent zoonotic disease caused by Yersinia pestis, a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic coccobacillus. This pathogen primarily circulates among rodent populations and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected fleas. Additional transmission routes include direct contact with infected animal tissue or inhalation of respiratory droplets from individuals with pneumonic plague. These multiple transmission pathways highlight the bacterium’s potential for rapid...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Jaundice01:25

Jaundice

Jaundice, or icterus, is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclerae, and mucous membranes. It happens when plasma bilirubin levels rise above 2.5-3 mg/dL, leading to bilirubin deposition in tissue.Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin degradation. In macrophages, hemoglobin breaks down into globin and heme. Globin is converted into amino acids, while heme is turned into biliverdin by heme oxygenase, which is then reduced to unconjugated bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.Unconjugated...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
06:47

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Scurvy is Back.

Claire Ann Callus1, Samantha Vella1, Peter Ferry1

  • 1Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karin Grech Hospital, Pietà, Malta.

Nutrition and Metabolic Insights
|November 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Scurvy, a disease from vitamin C deficiency, is surprisingly present in elderly individuals. Prompt diagnosis and vitamin C supplementation led to significant health improvements in two reported cases.

Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Scurvy, historically known as 'The Pirates' Disease', results from vitamin C deficiency.
  • Though rare in modern medicine, scurvy can affect vulnerable populations, particularly the elderly.

Observation:

  • Two elderly male patients presented with symptoms indicative of vitamin C deficiency.
  • Low vitamin C levels were confirmed through laboratory testing.

Findings:

  • Patients received vitamin C supplementation as treatment.
  • Significant improvements were observed in frailty, mood, bleeding tendency, and gum health within weeks.

Implications:

  • This case report highlights the importance of considering scurvy in elderly patients with non-specific symptoms.
Keywords:
Vitamin Cascorbic acidnutritional deficiency malnutritionscurvy

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  • Early detection and treatment of vitamin C deficiency are crucial for managing scurvy and improving patient outcomes.