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Related Concept Videos

The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Electrical Synapses01:28

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Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
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Chemical Synapses01:26

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Chemical Synapses01:26

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Overview of Synapses01:25

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A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
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Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
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Stretchable organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse.

Yeongjun Lee1,2,3, Jin Young Oh3,4, Wentao Xu1,5,6

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.

Science Advances
|November 28, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse using a stretchable organic nanowire synaptic transistor. This innovation enables light-controlled artificial muscle actuation and optical wireless communication for advanced prosthetics and robotics.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioinspired electronics
  • Neuromorphic engineering
  • Organic electronics

Background:

  • Emulating human sensory and motor functions is crucial for advanced prosthetics and robotics.
  • Electronic synapses are key components for bioinspired soft electronics, integrating sensory and motor capabilities.
  • Current systems require further development for seamless human-machine interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse.
  • To integrate artificial sensory receptors and motor units into a single device.
  • To demonstrate its application in light-interactive actuation and wireless communication.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a stretchable organic nanowire synaptic transistor (s-ONWST).
  • Utilizing a self-powered photodetector to generate voltage pulses from optical signals.
  • Employing these pulses to drive the s-ONWST for synaptic output generation.

Main Results:

  • The developed synapse successfully emulates sensory and motor functions.
  • Demonstrated light-interactive actuation of an artificial muscle actuator.
  • Showcased potential for optical wireless communication in human-machine interfaces.

Conclusions:

  • The organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse presents a viable strategy for bioinspired soft electronics.
  • This technology offers a pathway toward advanced electronic prostheses and neurologically inspired robotics.
  • The study highlights the potential of organic electronics in creating sophisticated bio-integrated systems.