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Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
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The apparent volume of distribution (Vd) is a crucial pharmacokinetic parameter representing the hypothetical body fluid volume into which a drug disperses. It is calculated based on the total amount of drug in the body (estimated from the administered dose and bioavailability) divided by the plasma drug concentration. The total amount of drug in the body does not directly refer to the dose given but is derived by accounting for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes.
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Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
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Does Surgical Volume Influence the Need for Second Surgery? A Pilot Study.

Paul D Judge1, Joseph Menousek2, Jordan C Schramm3

  • 1Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.

OTO Open
|November 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surgical volume, not surgeon training, predicts outcomes in pediatric thyroidectomy. Higher surgeon volume is linked to fewer repeat surgeries and shorter hospital stays for children undergoing thyroidectomy.

Keywords:
carcinomapapillarypediatricthyroidectomyvolume

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Endocrine Surgery
  • Surgical Outcomes Research

Background:

  • Pediatric thyroidectomy outcomes are influenced by surgeon factors.
  • Understanding the impact of surgeon training and experience is crucial for optimizing patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate pediatric thyroidectomy outcomes based on surgeon training, institution, and experience.
  • To identify predictors of complications, length of stay, and need for reoperation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series with chart review of 81 pediatric thyroidectomy patients.
  • Analysis of major complications, length of stay, and repeat surgery rates.
  • Comparison of outcomes based on surgeon training background and surgical volume.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in complications or repeat surgery rates were found based on surgeon training (otolaryngology vs. general/pediatric surgery).
  • Higher surgeon volume (≥12 surgeries) was associated with a decreased need for repeat surgery.
  • Patients treated by higher-volume surgeons had a significantly shorter length of stay (≤1 day).

Conclusions:

  • Surgical volume is a significant predictor of outcomes in pediatric thyroidectomy.
  • Increased surgeon experience, measured by volume, may reduce the need for reoperation and shorten hospitalizations.