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Organ-Specific, Age-Dependent Associations of Steady-State Pressures and Pulsatile Pressure Wave Components With

Andrea Kolkenbeck-Ruh1, Tshegofatso H Motau1, Ravi Naran1

  • 1Cardiovascular Pathophysiology and Genomics Research Unit, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

American Journal of Hypertension
|November 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Arterial pressures like mean arterial pressure (MAP) and wave components (Pf, Pb) impact cardiovascular damage differently based on organ and age. These pressure components show organ-specific and age-dependent associations with cardiovascular damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Conflicting results exist regarding the contribution of steady-state pressures and wave components of pulse pressure to cardiovascular risk prediction.
  • The study hypothesizes that steady-state pressures (mean arterial pressure [MAP]), forward pressure (Pf), and backward pressure (Pb) have organ-specific and age-dependent effects on cardiovascular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent contribution of MAP, Pf, and Pb to cardiovascular damage.
  • To determine if these contributions are organ-specific and age-dependent.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized applanation tonometry and SphygmoCor software to measure MAP, Pf, and Pb in 1,384 black South Africans.
  • Assessed left ventricular mass index (LVMI) via echocardiography (n=997), carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) via ultrasound (n=804), and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) (n=1,217).

Main Results:

  • Pf independently related to IMT in individuals over 50, while MAP related to IMT in those under 50. Pb did not show independent relations with IMT.
  • Pb independently related to LVMI in both younger and older individuals, whereas MAP and Pf showed age-dependent or no significant relations with LVMI.
  • MAP and Pb independently related to PWV across all ages, but Pf did not.

Conclusions:

  • Steady-state and aortic pressure components (Pf and Pb) are associated with end-organ damage.
  • These associations are specific to the organ affected and dependent on the individual's age.
Abstract

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