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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Hormone Secretion01:19

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

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Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...
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Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
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Pancreatic Juice and Secretion01:26

Pancreatic Juice and Secretion

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Pancreatic juice is a clear fluid produced by the pancreas, containing water, salts, sodium bicarbonate, and enzymes vital for digestion in the small intestine. It helps break down large molecules, facilitating nutrient absorption.
When acidic chyme from the stomach enters the duodenum, it triggers the release of secretin, a hormone that prompts pancreatic juice secretion. After a fatty meal, cholecystokinin, another hormone, stimulates gallbladder contraction and enhances enzyme-rich...
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Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:28

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Tubular secretion and reabsorption are two critical processes in the nephron tubule of the kidneys. When the fluid filtered from the glomerulus enters the proximal convoluted tubule, it is referred to as filtrate, and its composition changes due to tubular reabsorption and secretion.
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...
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Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT01:28

Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT

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The Proximal Convoluted Tubule, or PCT, plays a pivotal role in the body's filtration system. They are primarily responsible for reabsorbing solutes and water from the filtered fluid produced by the glomeruli. Most of the filtered water, ions, and organic solutes such as glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by the PCT.
Transport mechanisms involving sodium ions (Na+) contribute significantly to solute reabsorption. These mechanisms include symport and antiport processes.
A key example is the...
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Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
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Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

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Secreted Mucins on the Ocular Surface.

Yuichi Hori1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|November 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Dry eye disease is linked to reduced ocular surface mucins like MUC5AC, secreted by conjunctival goblet cells. Further research is needed to clarify if mucin changes cause or result from dry eye.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Dry Eye Disease Research

Background:

  • Mucins are crucial for ocular surface wettability, lubrication, and barrier function.
  • Secreted mucins, particularly MUC5AC from conjunctival goblet cells, are vital for eye health.
  • Dry eye disease is associated with decreased goblet cell numbers and MUC5AC expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of mucins, especially MUC5AC, in ocular surface health.
  • To discuss the impact of dry eye on conjunctival goblet cells and mucin production.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting mucin secretion and goblet cell numbers for dry eye.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ocular surface mucins and dry eye.
  • Analysis of the function of MUC5AC and conjunctival goblet cells.

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  • Examination of available treatments like diquafosol and rebamipide.

    • Main Results:

    • Ocular surface mucin levels, including MUC5AC, are reduced in dry eye patients.
    • Drugs like diquafosol and rebamipide show potential in stimulating mucin secretion and increasing goblet cells.
    • The causal relationship between mucin changes and dry eye remains unclear.

    Conclusions:

    • Conjunctival goblet cells and MUC5AC are significantly impacted in dry eye.
    • Therapeutic interventions can influence goblet cell numbers and mucin secretion.
    • The precise mechanism linking mucin alterations to dry eye pathogenesis requires further investigation.