Gas gangrene in the deep spaces of the head and neck visualized on computed tomography images

Cellulitis accompanied by gas gangrene is a rapidly-spreading and potentially fatal infection. Here, we present a case of gas gangrene in the deep spaces of the head and neck in an elderly woman, diagnosed by computed tomography (CT). An 86-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and osteoporosis was referred to our institute by her local dentist. The patient exhibited trismus caused by severe swelling in the left submandibular area. CT images of the head and neck area showed swelling of the cervical tissue with air in the parapharyngeal and masticator spaces. She was treated with antibiotics, followed by drainage. Although the therapy was continued, the patient died from a cardiac complication on hospital day 42. Our case highlights the usefulness of CT for diagnosing gas gangrene in the deep spaces of the head and neck in a woman with Alzheimer's disease.