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Related Experiment Video

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Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Baclofen for alcohol use disorder.

Silvia Minozzi1, Rosella Saulle, Susanne Rösner

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, Rome, Italy, 00154.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found no significant difference in baclofen versus placebo for treating alcohol use disorder (AUD). Baclofen did not improve abstinence or reduce alcohol consumption but increased depression and adverse events like vertigo and somnolence.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread psychiatric disorder with significant global prevalence, affecting psychosocial well-being and health.
  • Pharmacotherapy is a crucial component of AUD treatment, necessitating evaluation of various therapeutic agents.
  • Baclofen is being investigated for its potential role in managing AUD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of baclofen in treating individuals with active alcohol use disorder (AUD).
  • To determine if baclofen aids in achieving and maintaining abstinence or reducing alcohol consumption.
  • To compare baclofen's effectiveness against placebo, no treatment, or other interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searched multiple databases (Cochrane, MEDLINE, Embase) and clinical trial registries up to January 30, 2018.
  • Included RCTs with at least four weeks of treatment and 12 weeks of overall study duration, comparing baclofen to placebo or other treatments in currently drinking individuals with AUD.

Main Results:

  • Twelve RCTs (1128 participants) were included; most studies had fewer than 100 participants.
  • No significant differences were found between baclofen and placebo for primary outcomes: relapse (return to drinking), days abstinent, or heavy drinking days.
  • Baclofen was associated with increased depression, vertigo, somnolence, paresthesia, and muscle spasms, and also increased the amount of alcohol consumed per drinking day.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support a difference between baclofen and placebo for treating AUD primary or secondary outcomes.
  • High heterogeneity among studies limits interpretation and the identification of factors influencing baclofen's effects.
  • Further research is needed; current evidence is uncertain regarding baclofen as a first-line AUD treatment.