Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 2, 2026

Integrating a Triplet-triplet Annihilation Up-conversion System to Enhance Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Response to Sub-bandgap Light
Published on: September 12, 2014
Coupled double triplet state in singlet fission.
Hyungjun Kim1, Paul M Zimmerman
1Department of Chemistry, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea. kim.hyungjun@inu.ac.kr.
The coupled, double triplet state, or 1(TT), is crucial for singlet fission in organic solar cells. Recent advances in theory and experiment clarify its properties and applications.
Area of Science:
- Quantum mechanics
- Materials science
- Organic electronics
Background:
- The 1(TT) state is a coupled, double triplet multiexcitonic state.
- Its transient nature and similarity to independent triplets pose characterization challenges.
- Recent theoretical and experimental progress has enhanced understanding of 1(TT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding the 1(TT) state.
- To discuss formation mechanisms, spectroscopic signatures, and intertriplet interactions.
- To explore the role of 1(TT) in singlet fission for organic solar cells.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical modeling of quantum transitions.
- Experimental spectroscopy to identify 1(TT) signatures.
- Analysis of singlet fission processes in organic semiconductors.
Main Results:
- Clarification of 1(TT) formation from single-photon bright states.
- Detailed understanding of intertriplet coupling strengths.
- Identification of strategies for efficient charge carrier extraction using 1(TT).
Conclusions:
- The 1(TT) state plays a central role in singlet fission for organic solar cells.
- Understanding 1(TT) enables control over complex quantum states.
- Potential applications extend beyond solar cells to other advanced technologies.
Related Concept Videos
Nuclear Fission
Binary Fission
Binary Fission
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
G-protein Coupled Receptors

