Future of nanomedicines for treating respiratory diseases
1a Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics , Kiel University , Kiel , Germany.
Introduction:
Nanoparticles are under discussion in drug delivery for more than 20 years now, but examples for nanoparticulate formulations in the treatment of respiratory diseases are rare and mostly limited to the administration of sub-micron drug particles (ultrafine particles). However, nanoparticles may also carry specific benefits for respiratory treatment. Are nanoparticles the next-generation drug carrier system to facilitate systemic delivery, sustained release and cancer treatment in the lungs?
Areas Covered:
This review will look into the promises and opportunities of the use of nanoparticles in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Important aspects to discuss are the fate of nanoparticles in the lung and mechanisms for reproducible delivery of nanoparticulate formulations to the lungs. Examples are given where nanoparticles may be advantageous over for traditional formulations and further aspects to explore are mentioned.
Expert Opinion:
The benefit of nanoparticulate systems for respiratory delivery adds to the portfolio of possible formulation strategies, depends on the intended functionality and needs more exploration. Advantages of such systems are only seen in special cases.
Related Concept Videos
Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
The Respiratory System
Anatomy of Respiratory System I: Upper Respiratory Tract
Nose and nasal cavity
The nose and nasal cavity represent the main external openings of the respiratory tract....
Respiratory Capacities
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
Respiratory Volumes
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Overview of Respiratory System
What is the Respiratory System?
The respiratory system consists of a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The primary function of the respiratory system is to...


