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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

7.3K
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
7.3K
Magnetic Field of a Solenoid01:18

Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

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A solenoid is a conducting wire coated with an insulating material, wound tightly in the form of a helical coil. The magnetic field due to a solenoid is the vector sum of the magnetic fields due to its individual turns. Therefore, for an ideal solenoid, the magnetic field within the solenoid is directly proportional to the number of turns per unit length and the current. Conversely, the magnetic field outside the solenoid is zero.
Consider a solenoid with 100 turns wrapped around a cylinder of...
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Magnetic Field Lines01:19

Magnetic Field Lines

5.8K
The representation of magnetic fields by magnetic field lines is very useful in visualizing the strength and direction of the magnetic field. Each of the magnetic field lines forms a closed loop. The field lines emerge from the north pole (N), loop around to the south pole (S), and continue through the bar magnet back to the north pole.
Magnetic field lines follow several hard-and-fast rules:
5.8K
Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

2.7K
If a magnetic field is sustained, there must be a current in a closed circuit or loop, implying some energy has been spent in creating the field. If this energy is not dissipated via the circuit's resistance, it is stored in the field.
Take an ideal inductor with zero resistance. Although it's practically impossible, assume that the coil's resistance is so small that it is practically negligible. The loss of the field's energy to dissipate thermal energy (or heat) is thus...
2.7K
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

6.3K
Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
6.3K
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

11.6K
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
11.6K

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External Excitation of Neurons Using Electric and Magnetic Fields in One- and Two-dimensional Cultures
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A ferronematic slab in external magnetic fields.

Grigorii Zarubin1, Markus Bier, S Dietrich

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. zarubin@is.mpg.de bier@is.mpg.de dietrich@is.mpg.de.

Soft Matter
|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers numerically studied ferronematic slabs, observing two magnetization switching mechanisms when an external magnetic field is applied antiparallel to the initial magnetization. This work enables the construction of cells with switchable magnetization.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Magnetohydrodynamics

Background:

  • Ferronematic liquid crystals combine ferromagnetic and nematic liquid crystal properties.
  • Understanding their response to external magnetic fields is crucial for device applications.
  • Magnetization switching in these materials is complex and depends on various parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the magnetic field-induced behavior of a uniformly magnetized ferronematic slab.
  • To identify and characterize the mechanisms responsible for magnetization switching.
  • To explore the influence of system parameters, including wall interactions, on switching behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations were employed to model the ferronematic slab.
  • Hysteresis curves were calculated to determine critical magnetic field strengths.
  • The study analyzed the coupling constants between magnetization and nematic director, and liquid crystal-wall interactions.

Main Results:

  • Two distinct mechanisms for magnetization switching were observed under antiparallel magnetic fields.
  • Critical magnetic field strength was determined as a function of system parameters.
  • The influence of coupling constants and wall interactions on switching was characterized.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully characterized magnetization switching mechanisms in ferronematic slabs.
  • Tailoring wall interactions can enable the combination of switching mechanisms.
  • This research paves the way for constructing novel cells with reversibly switchable magnetization.