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Dispositional mindfulness in daily life: A naturalistic observation study
Deanna M Kaplan1, Charles L Raison2, Anne Milek1
1Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
Plos One
|November 29, 2018
Summary
Mindfulness is assumed to improve social behavior and emotions, but research shows it mainly enhances perceptual focus in daily life. This suggests current measures may not capture mindfulness
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Mindfulness is increasingly studied, but its real-world behavioral effects remain unclear.
- Assumptions link mindfulness to positive emotions, social interactions, and prosocial behavior.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how trait mindfulness manifests in daily behaviors.
- To contrast assumed behavioral correlates with observed behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Surveyed 427 participants on mindfulness assumptions.
- Study 2: Assessed 185 participants' trait mindfulness (FFMQ) and observed daily behaviors through naturalistic sampling.
Main Results:
- Trait mindfulness was associated with heightened perceptual focus during conversations.
- No significant links were found between trait mindfulness and behavioral/speech markers of emotional positivity, social quality, or prosociality.
Conclusions:
- Daily mindfulness expression may be primarily perceptual, not social or emotional.
- Ecological models and mindfulness measurement need re-evaluation.
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