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Conservation needs exposed by variability in common-pool governance principles.

Tim R McClanahan1, Caroline A Abunge2

  • 1Wildlife Conservation Society, Marine Programs, Bronx, NY, 10460, U.S.A.

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|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Community governance principles for natural resource management are vital. Effectiveness varies by country, with group identity and decision-making perceived as most effective, while monitoring and graduated sanctions are least scalable.

Keywords:
Indian OceanOcéano ÍndicoOstrom principlesarrecifes de coralcommon propertycoral reefsdecentralizationdemocraciademocracydescentralizaciónfisheries managementgobernanza policéntricamanejo de pesqueríaspolycentric governanceprincipios de Ostrompropiedad común公共财产印度洋去集权化多中心治理奥斯特罗姆原则民主渔业管理珊瑚礁

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Sociology
  • Political Science

Background:

  • Common-pool resource governance principles are crucial for community-based natural resource management and comanagement.
  • Their effectiveness hinges on factors like agreements, trust, and adherence to institutional norms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the heterogeneity in perceived effectiveness of common-pool governance principles across different communities and countries.
  • To identify individual, group, and national factors influencing these perceptions.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was administered to 449 individuals across 30 fishing communities in four East African nations.
  • Respondents rated the effectiveness of various governance principles.

Main Results:

  • Perceptions of governance principle effectiveness varied significantly by country, with respondents from poorer nations showing different patterns.
  • Group identity, autonomy, decision-making, and conflict resolution were perceived as most effective and enforceable through low-cost intragroup activities.
  • Graduated sanctions, cost-benefit sharing, and monitoring were perceived as least scalable and less affordable through local control.

Conclusions:

  • Governance principles can be broadly categorized into those easily enforced locally and those requiring broader economic development and resource limitations.
  • Sustainability in resource-limited contexts necessitates broader distribution of power, skills, and costs beyond local communities.
  • Effective natural resource management requires adaptive governance strategies that evolve with economic development and resource scarcity.