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Risk factors for infections in newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma patients: A Danish retrospective nationwide cohort

Rasmus Sørrig1,2, Tobias W Klausen3, Morten Salomo1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.

European Journal of Haematology
|November 29, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Infections are a major risk in Multiple Myeloma (MM). This study identified tumor burden and kidney issues as key risk factors for early pneumonia and sepsis in MM patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Infections represent a significant threat, causing early mortality in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients.
  • Limited research exists on identifying specific risk factors for infections in this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and analyze the risk factors associated with infections in a population-based cohort of Multiple Myeloma patients.
  • To identify predictors of early-phase infections, specifically pneumonia and sepsis, in newly diagnosed MM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Danish national registries from 2005 to 2013.
  • Analyzed ICD-10 codes for infections within the first six months post-diagnosis in 2557 Multiple Myeloma patients.

Main Results:

  • Pneumonia and sepsis accounted for 46% of all infections.
  • Risk factors for pneumonia included male gender, advanced ISS stages (II/III), and elevated LDH.
  • Risk factors for sepsis included high bone marrow plasma cell percentage, advanced ISS stages (II/III), and elevated creatinine.
  • Neither immunoparesis nor comorbidity emerged as significant risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor burden (indicated by ISS stage and plasma cell percentage) and renal impairment are significant risk factors for developing pneumonia and sepsis in the early stages of Multiple Myeloma.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring these factors for proactive infection management in MM patients.
Keywords:
immunoparesisinfectionmultiple myelomarisk factors

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