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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

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Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
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Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

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Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Heat Engines

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A heat engine is a device used to extract heat from a source and then convert it into mechanical work used for various applications. For example, a steam engine on an old-style train can produce the work needed for driving the train.
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Crystal Engineering: An Outlook for the Future.

Ashwini K Nangia1,2, Gautam R Desiraju3

  • 1CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411 008, India.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crystal Engineering, the design of new solids, focuses on five key areas for scientific advancement and societal benefit. These include pharmaceutical solids, industrial reactions, mechanical properties, framework solids, and materials for solar energy.

Keywords:
crystal engineeringmetal-organic frameworkspharmaceutical solidssolar energysolid-state reactions

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry and materials science.
  • Interdisciplinary research bridging chemistry, physics, and engineering.

Background:

  • Crystal Engineering traditionally focuses on molecular crystals and intermolecular interactions.
  • Understanding crystal packing is crucial for designing solids with specific properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline five high-impact areas within Crystal Engineering.
  • To guide research efforts towards greater scientific and societal returns.
  • To align scientific endeavors with societal demands for applied products.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework outlining key research domains.
  • Identification of five strategic areas for future development.
  • Emphasis on translating scientific understanding into practical applications.

Main Results:

  • Identification of five key areas: pharmaceutical solids, industrial solid-state reactions, mechanical properties, MOFs/COFs, and solar energy materials/polymers.
  • Highlighting the potential for significant scientific and societal dividends through strategic research planning.
  • Connecting fundamental crystal engineering principles to tangible applications.

Conclusions:

  • Strategic focus on these five areas can maximize scientific progress and societal impact.
  • Crystal Engineering offers pathways to novel materials and technologies.
  • Future research should prioritize areas with clear application potential and societal relevance.