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Antiproliferative activity of Camellia sinensis mediated silver nanoparticles on three different human cancer cell
Anu Yadav1, Vijay D Mendhulkar2
1Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Introduction:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world and there are many types of cancer. The current treatments against cancer are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but these come with varied side effects as they harm noncancer cells too. Therefore, search for new treatments is one of the important research areas nowadays and nanoparticles are one such potential anticancer agent.
Aim Of The Study:
We hypothesized that silver nanoparticles and tea extract may have anticancer activities along with their synergistic counterparts with adriamycin (ADR) on HT-29 human colon cancer cell line, MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line, and MOLT-4 human leukemia cancer cell line.
Materials And Methods:
The biosynthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analyzer (NTA), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The cytotoxic activity was measured using the sulforhodamine B assay protocol on the HT-29, MCF-7, and MOLT-4 cell lines.
Results:
The synthesized AgNPs gave absorption maxima at 415 nm, with four different diffraction peaks (°2θ values) corresponding to the face centered cubic silver lines. Our results showed that AgNPs exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity at 20 μg/mL concentration against all the three cell lines followed by the combination of AgNPs+ADR.
Conclusion:
The superior activity of the silver nanoparticles may be due to its spherical shape and smaller particle size 10-30 nm as confirmed from NTA and TEM analysis. The data obtained in the study reveal the potent therapeutic value of biogenic silver nanoparticles.
Insights
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show potent anticancer activity against colon, breast, and leukemia cancer cell lines. Their small size and spherical shape contribute to their superior therapeutic potential as novel cancer treatments.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, with current treatments like chemotherapy and radiation causing significant side effects.
- The urgent need for novel, less toxic anticancer agents drives research into alternative therapies.
- Nanoparticles, specifically silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are emerging as promising candidates for cancer treatment due to their unique properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anticancer activities of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and tea extract.
- To evaluate the synergistic effects of AgNPs with adriamycin (ADR) on HT-29 (colon), MCF-7 (breast), and MOLT-4 (leukemia) cancer cell lines.
- To explore the potential of AgNPs as a novel therapeutic agent against various cancer types.
Main Methods:
- Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using UV-Vis spectroscopy, NTA, XRD, SEM, TEM, and FTIR.
- Cytotoxicity assessment of AgNPs, tea extract, and their combinations with ADR using the sulforhodamine B assay.
- Evaluation of effects on HT-29, MCF-7, and MOLT-4 human cancer cell lines.
Main Results:
- Characterization confirmed the formation of face-centered cubic silver nanoparticles with an absorption maxima at 415 nm.
- Silver nanoparticles demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity across all three tested cancer cell lines at a concentration of 20 μg/mL.
- The combination of AgNPs and adriamycin (ADR) also exhibited notable anticancer effects.
Conclusions:
- The potent anticancer efficacy of AgNPs is attributed to their spherical shape and small particle size (10-30 nm).
- Biogenic silver nanoparticles show significant therapeutic value and represent a promising avenue for developing new cancer treatments.
- Further research into AgNPs could lead to more effective and targeted cancer therapies with reduced side effects.
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