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Semantic network function captured by word frequency in nondemented APOE ε4 carriers.
Jet M J Vonk1, Roxanna J Flores1, Dayanara Rosado1
1Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain.
Neuropsychology
|November 30, 2018
Summary
Lexical frequency in animal naming tasks may identify Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Higher lexical frequency in older African Americans carrying the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele suggests potential as an early AD biomarker.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psycholinguistics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Early identification of cognitive changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial.
- Semantic networks, affected early in AD, can be assessed through category fluency tests.
- Lexical frequency within verbal output may offer insights into semantic network integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate lexical frequency of animal fluency output as a cognitive marker for AD risk.
- To determine if lexical frequency differentiates apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers from noncarriers in cognitively normal older adults.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 230 cognitively normal African Americans.
- Analysis of animal fluency performance, including mean number of items and mean lexical frequency.
- Comparison between individuals with and without the APOE ε4 allele.
Main Results:
- Mean lexical frequency was significantly higher in APOE ε4 carriers compared to noncarriers.
- No significant difference was found in the number of animal items produced between groups.
- Lexical frequency showed particular sensitivity to APOE ε4 status after the initial 10 seconds of the fluency task.
Conclusions:
- Psycholinguistic features, such as lexical frequency, show promise as cognitive biomarkers for AD risk.
- Lexical frequency may aid in identifying individuals at higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.
- Further research is warranted to validate these findings in diverse populations.
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