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Current State of Renal Regenerative Therapies

Anusha Shweta Shankar1, Ewout J Hoorn1, Joost Gribnau2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Transplantation
|November 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Generating kidney cells from stem cells offers a promising alternative for end-stage renal disease patients facing donor scarcity. Research focuses on improving cell stability and safety for future clinical use in kidney repair.

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Rising end-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases increase kidney transplant waiting lists due to donor scarcity.
  • Alternative treatments are crucial for ESRD patients.
  • In vitro generation of kidney cells from stem cells presents a promising therapeutic avenue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cell sources for in vitro kidney cell generation.
  • To overview strategies for transplanting these cells in vivo.
  • To discuss stability and safety for future clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on stem cell sources (adult renal progenitor cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells).
  • Analysis of differentiation protocols towards primitive kidney structures.
  • Examination of in vivo transplantation models and stability/safety assessments.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in differentiating various stem cells into kidney-specific cells.
  • Development of primitive kidney structures in vitro.
  • Ongoing research focuses on enhancing long-term cell maintenance and stability.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell-derived kidney cells show potential for repairing nonfunctional kidney tissue.
  • Further research is needed to ensure cell stability and safety for clinical translation.
  • This approach may offer a viable alternative to kidney transplantation for ESRD patients.

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