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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in...
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In-vitro Mutagenesis01:16

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To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Patellar resurfacing in total knee replacement: 20-year clinical and economic results of a large multicentre, randomised controlled trial in the UK.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults
04:41

Knee Arthrocentesis in Adults

Published on: February 25, 2022

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Knee replacement.

Andrew J Price1, Abtin Alvand1, Anders Troelsen2

  • 1Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Knee replacement surgery is common for osteoarthritis, but 20% of patients don't achieve pain relief. Future improvements focus on surgical techniques, perioperative care, and technology, not just implants, to enhance patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Musculoskeletal procedures
  • Total knee arthroplasty

Background:

  • Knee replacement is a highly prevalent and cost-effective musculoskeletal procedure globally.
  • Painful knee osteoarthritis, leading to reduced function and quality of life, is the primary indication for surgery.
  • Significant variations in knee replacement utilization exist across different geographical regions and countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of knee replacement surgery.
  • To identify areas for improvement beyond implant design.
  • To emphasize the need for enhanced patient outcomes and pain relief.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on knee replacement surgery outcomes.
  • Analysis of factors influencing surgical intervention thresholds.
  • Examination of trends in implant design, implantation techniques, and perioperative care.

Main Results:

  • While long-term implant survival is generally excellent, 20% or more of patients report suboptimal pain relief and clinical outcomes.
  • Focus is shifting from solely implant design to optimizing implantation methods and perioperative care.
  • Enhanced recovery programs are recognized as beneficial for patient management.

Conclusions:

  • Further research and development are necessary to increase the proportion of patients experiencing successful pain relief after knee replacement.
  • Improvements in surgical techniques, complication avoidance, and perioperative care are crucial.
  • Emerging technologies hold promise for advancing knee replacement care, necessitating rigorous regulation and safety monitoring.