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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Noncoding RNAs in multiple sclerosis.

Xuan Yang1,2, Yuzhang Wu3, Bei Zhang4

  • 1Department of Immunology, Medical College of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266003, China.

Clinical Epigenetics
|December 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. This review highlights their role in MS and potential for diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosiscircRNAslncRNAsmiRNAsncRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic CNS inflammatory disease with unknown causes, but gene dysregulation is implicated.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), previously overlooked, are now recognized for their regulatory roles in physiology and disease.
  • ncRNAs, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are emerging as critical players in MS pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on the involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenic processes of MS.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for MS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on ncRNAs in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of the epigenetic functions of lncRNAs and miRNAs in MS.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs, particularly lncRNAs and miRNAs, act as epigenetic factors regulating gene expression in MS.
  • Accumulating evidence supports the significant contribution of ncRNAs to MS pathogenesis.
  • ncRNAs show promise for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in MS.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are integral to the molecular mechanisms underlying MS.
  • Further research into ncRNAs could lead to novel biomarkers and treatments for multiple sclerosis.
  • Targeting ncRNAs represents a promising avenue for managing MS.