Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

16.7K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
16.7K
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

7.8K
The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the...
7.8K
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

16.4K
The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
16.4K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

4.0K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
4.0K
The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

89.0K
Overview
89.0K
The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

12.2K
Overview
In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
12.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Antibody-drug conjugates and the need for third-modality regulatory science.

Med (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Correction to "Design and Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine-Based ATR Degraders for Effective Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Mouse Model".

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Design and Synthesis of Pyrrolo[3,4-<i>d</i>]pyrimidine-Based ATR Degraders for Effective Treatment of Colorectal Cancer in Mouse Model.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2026
Same author

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents in intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (CHANCE2202): a target trial emulation study.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Astrocytic TPK1 mitigates amyloid pathology via TFEB-mediated endocytosis.

Experimental neurology·2026
Same author

Suppression of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase promotes remyelination in multiple sclerosis.

BMC medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

9.0K

Extracellular αB-crystallin modulates the inflammatory responses.

Yong-Shun Guo1, Pei-Zhou Liang2, Shen-Zhao Lu3

  • 1Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China; Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|December 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular small heat shock protein alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB) suppresses neuroinflammation by modulating astrocyte and microglia interactions. Targeting CRYAB offers a potential therapeutic strategy for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Keywords:
AstrocyteEAEExosomeInflammationMicrogliaαB-crystallin

More Related Videos

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

6.9K
Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice
08:32

Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice

Published on: March 10, 2017

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

9.0K
Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

6.9K
Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice
08:32

Induction of an Inflammatory Response in Primary Hepatocyte Cultures from Mice

Published on: March 10, 2017

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neuroinflammation is a key factor in neurodegenerative diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Small heat shock protein alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB) expressed by astrocytes can inhibit inflammation.
  • Mechanisms of CRYAB's role in neuroinflammation require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of extracellular CRYAB in microglia-astrocyte interactions during MS-associated neuroinflammation.
  • To understand the mechanisms by which CRYAB modulates neuroinflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • Studied CRYAB expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice.
  • Analyzed CRYAB secretion from astrocytes via exosomes under stress conditions.
  • Incubated astrocyte and microglia cell lines with CRYAB to assess inflammatory responses.

Main Results:

  • CRYAB expression was significantly elevated in EAE mice.
  • Astrocytes secreted increased levels of exosomal CRYAB under stress.
  • Extracellular CRYAB suppressed both astrocyte and microglia inflammatory responses.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular CRYAB plays a novel regulatory role in neuroinflammation.
  • CRYAB modulates astrocyte-microglia crosstalk, impacting inflammatory pathways.
  • Targeting extracellular CRYAB presents a potential therapeutic avenue for MS treatment.