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Melasma Associated with Periodontitis, Anemia, and Vitamin D Abnormalities: A Chance Occurrence or a Syndrome
Nallan C Chaitanya1, Danam R Priyanka2, Nithika Madireddy2
1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Phone: +918374930914,
Aim:
To correlate the possible association between melasma, periodontitis, vitamin D abnormalities, and anemia.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 192 subjects, of either gender within the age group of 30 to 70 years were divided equally into two groups, group I (case group, patients with melasma) and group II (control group, patients without melasma). In all the subjects, anemia and periodontitis were checked clinically, along with biochemical evaluation of serum vitamin D levels and hemoglobin (Hb) percentage.
Results:
Student's t-test was performed with group statistics and chi-square for intervariable correlation was carried out. A significant correlation was found between patients having melasma and serum vitamin D levels with a p-value of 0.050. Between patients with melasma and periodontitis, there was a very significant correlation between the variables, with a p-value of 0.001. Conversely, the correlation between melasma and Hb percentage was found to be insignificant with the p-value 0.243, and all of the p-values remained at <0.05.The study thus demonstrated significant correlation between melasma, vitamin D abnormalities, and clinical periodontitis (p-value < 0.05), and no significant correlation between melasma and Hb.
Conclusion:
The cross-sectional study revealed that patients with melasma may have abnormal serum vitamin D and clinical periodontitis. This presence may be considered a syndromic occurrence.
Clinical Significance:
The present study was done to correlate and also evaluate periodontitis, vitamin D abnormalities, and anemia in patients with melasma. It is primarily an observational study, attempting to evaluate the co-occurrence of the above-mentioned variables. The findings may prompt us to further investigate melasma for the presence of periodontitis, anemia, and vitamin D abnormalities.
Insights
Melasma patients often show abnormal vitamin D levels and periodontitis, suggesting a potential syndromic occurrence. Anemia was not significantly correlated with melasma in this study.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oral Medicine
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Melasma is a common facial hyperpigmentation disorder.
- Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the gums and supporting bone.
- Vitamin D deficiency is increasingly recognized as a potential factor in various systemic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between melasma, periodontitis, vitamin D abnormalities, and anemia.
- To evaluate the potential co-occurrence of these conditions in patients with melasma.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 192 subjects aged 30-70 years.
- Subjects were divided into a case group (with melasma) and a control group (without melasma).
- Clinical assessment of periodontitis, serum vitamin D levels, and hemoglobin (Hb) percentage were evaluated.
Main Results:
- A significant correlation was observed between melasma and abnormal serum vitamin D levels (p=0.050).
- A highly significant correlation was found between melasma and periodontitis (p=0.001).
- No significant correlation was found between melasma and Hb percentage (p=0.243).
Conclusions:
- Patients with melasma may exhibit abnormal serum vitamin D and clinical periodontitis.
- The co-occurrence of melasma, vitamin D abnormalities, and periodontitis might represent a syndromic pattern.
- Further investigation into these associations is warranted.
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