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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
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Dual-contrast pCASL using simultaneous gradient-echo/spin-echo multiband EPI.

Ke Zhang1, Volker J Sturm2, Lukas R Buschle1

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.

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|December 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared gradient-echo (GE) and spin-echo (SE) ASL for brain imaging. GE ASL showed better sensitivity for functional activity, while SE ASL reduced artifacts, offering complementary benefits for cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement.

Keywords:
Arterial spin labelingGradient-echo/spin-echo EPIMultibandPseudo-continuous ASLSimultaneous multislice acquisition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Gradient-echo Echo-Planar Imaging (EPI) is standard for Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) but prone to susceptibility artifacts.
  • Spin-echo (SE) EPI in continuous ASL (CASL) can reduce these artifacts.
  • A dual-echo GE/SE readout is needed to compare GE and SE ASL for cerebral blood flow (CBF) determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a simultaneous GE/SE multiband EPI readout for pseudo-CASL (pCASL).
  • To compare GE and SE contrasts for motor cortex activation and resting-state functional connectivity.
  • To assess the sensitivity and artifact robustness of GE vs. SE ASL.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a simultaneous GE/SE multiband EPI readout with a pCASL sequence.
  • Acquired data during a finger-tapping task and resting-state fMRI.
  • Analyzed motor cortex activation and functional network differences between GE and SE contrasts.

Main Results:

  • GE ASL demonstrated enhanced sensitivity for detecting functional activity in both finger-tapping tasks and resting-state fMRI.
  • SE ASL exhibited reduced susceptibility artifacts from magnetic field inhomogeneities and pulsatile flow.
  • Direct comparison highlighted complementary strengths of GE and SE ASL.

Conclusions:

  • GE ASL offers superior sensitivity for functional brain imaging.
  • SE ASL provides better artifact suppression, particularly from magnetic field inhomogeneities.
  • The simultaneous GE/SE readout enables a comprehensive assessment of ASL performance for CBF quantification.